Advantages, drawbacks of telehealth
For patients in underserved or geographically distant areas, telehealth means access to care, Kanika Monga, MD, of the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, said in an interview. During the COVID-19 public health crisis, “it has allowed the most vulnerable patient populations to continue receiving care at the click of a button.”
Dr. Kanika Monga
Virtual visits also improve patient care by improving follow-up and compliance, Dr. Monga continued. “For example, in our patient population, mobility can be a major issue because of the underlying disease. Telemedicine improves care for patients who struggle to make it to appointments.” It’s also more convenient for patients in her county that depend on arranged and/or public transportation and have to request a portion of their day off work for a doctor’s appointment.
But the virtual visit has its drawbacks. Different available platforms and their usability create challenges, Dr. Monga said. “Although some patients are tech-savvy, some are not. This is a challenge, especially when using platforms that have many steps involved.” Telemedicine also highlights general health inequities that already exist in some populations. Patients who are older, live in rural areas, are less educated, or are from a lower socioeconomic household might not have the technology or Internet connection available to enable telemedicine visits.
Telemedicine also complicates the physical examination, which is a central part of the diagnostic process, Dr. Bernstein said. Some components of the physical exam lend themselves to a video visit, such as evaluating for facial rashes or examining a patient’s digital ulcers. “But if you suspect the patient has rheumatoid arthritis, for example, you can’t examine the joints for swelling.” When seeing scleroderma patients over telemedicine, “I can’t perform the modified Rodnan skin score to assess for skin thickening, or auscultate the lungs for crackles. It’s also hard to assess a patient’s response to therapy over telemedicine,” Dr. Feldman added.
Some rheumatologists have sought out multiple pathways on telemedicine to provide more options for patients.
Christine Peoples, MD, clinical assistant professor of medicine at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, uses several telehealth options to reach patients that live in the largely rural area she serves. For her, telemedicine isn’t a novel concept. “I’ve been providing care through telemedicine for 6 years,” she said in an interview. Prior to COVID-19, her patients had gone to teleconsult centers for a telemedicine visit. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, she expanded telehealth services to include more home video visits through the practice’s online medical record.
Dr. Christine Peoples
For care that can’t take place online, Dr. Peoples said she works with colleagues in orthopedics, which have far greater numbers than rheumatologists in Pennsylvania, to provide injections to patients. All of the teleconference centers are at local hospitals or outpatient community centers. Patients can go there to get an injection from another doctor, she said. Additionally, all of her practice’s locations at UPMC hospitals have infusion centers.